Title: B
Course: Glossary

B

Bacteria - ባክተርያ

Unicellular organisms (made of one cell) and are very small in size.

ሓደ ዋህይዮ ዘለዎ ስነ ህይወታዊ ኮይኑ ብጣዕሚ ደቂቕ ተሃዋስያን (ብዓይኒ ክርአ ዘይክእል)

Basic - መሰረታዊ

Pure. Forming a base or starting point. E.g. Basic research is designed to extend knowledge for the sake of understanding itself and discovering new knowledge and understanding is the objective.

መሰረት ምሓዝ ንኣብነት ናይ መሰረት መበገሲ መፅናዕቲ ምክያድ ሓዱሽ ፍልጠት ንምውሳኽን ንምጭባጥን ይሕግዝ

Behaviour - ባህሪ/ተግባር

Behaviour is an action that has a specific frequency, duration and purpose whether conscious or unconscious. It is what we do and how we act. People stay healthy or become ill often as a result of their own action or behaviour.

ብፍላጥ ድዩ ብዘይ ምፍላጥ ብተደጋጋሚ እንገብሮ ተገባር ወይ ድማ ባህሪ:: እዙይ ማለት እቲ እንገበሮን ብኸመይ ከም እንገብሮን ዘርኢ እዩ:: እዙ ባህሪ/ተግበር እዚ ድማ ብጥዕና ንኽነብር ወይ ድማ ንኽንሓምም ዝገብር እዩ

Beliefs - እምነት

Beliefs are convictions that something is real or true. Statements of belief about health include such negative comments as, 'I don't believe that exercising is good for you'.

ሓቂ እዩ ኢልና እንኣምኖ ነገር:: ንኣብነት ስፖርት ምስራሕኻ ንጥዕናኻ ምንም ጠቃሚ ኣይኮነን:

beneficence - ጠቃምነት

The term beneficence tells you about 'doing good' for your client, for instance by providing immunization.

ፅቡቅ ስራሕ ምስራሕ:: ንኣብነት ንዓማዊልካ ክትባት ምሃብ::

Benefits - ጥቅሚ

Something helpful, favourable, or profitable.

ሓጋዚ ዝኾነ ነገር: ምችዊ: ወይ ድማ ከስቢ ዘለዎ

Bias - ኣድልዎ /ምዝንባል/

An opinion or influence that strongly favours one side in an argument or one item in a group

ናብ ሓደ ጉጅለ ዘዘንበለ ሓ ሳብ ወይ ድማ ሪኢት ምሃብ::

Biodegradable - ዝብስብስ

Able to be broken down by bacteria in the environment. Can be recycled or reused.

ብሓገዝ ባክተያ ኣብ መሬት ወይ ድማ ባይታ ዝበስበስ ነገር:: እዚ ዝበስበሰ ነገር ድማ ንኻልኣይ ግዘ ኣብ ጥቅሚ ክውዕል ይኽእል::

Biogas - ባዮጋዝ

Biogas is a gas produced by ተhe breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. It is a renewable energy source, like solar and wind energy. Biogas can be produced from regionally available raw materials and recycled waste and is environmentally friendly. Biogas can be used for cooking and lighting energy.

ባዮጋዝ ማለት ካብ ብዘይ ኦክስጅን ዝበስበስ ነገር ዝስራሕ ጋዝ ኮይኑ ክትካእ ክሕደስ ዝኽእል ምንጪ ሓይሊ ወይ ድማ ፀዓት እዩ:: ካብ ኣብቲ ከባቢ ዝርከብ ንጥረ ነገር ወይ ድማ ጎሓፍ ዝስራሕ ኮይኑ ኣብ ከባቢ ዘምፀኦ ሳዕቤን የብሉን::

Biomass - ባዮማስ

Biomass is any biological material from living or recently living plants that is used to generate energy,

ባይማስ ማለት ዝኾነ ህይወት ዝነበሮ ነገር ኮይኑ ሓይለ ወይ ድማ ፀዓት ንምምጫው እንጥቀመሉ ነገር እዩ::

Biopsy - ንምርመራ ዝውሰድ ኣካል

The removal and examination of tissues from the living body to determine the existence or cause of a disease. It involves the microscopic examination of a small specimen of tissue extracted from the patient's body.

ባዮፕሲ ማለት ካብ ሰውነትና ዝውሰድ ነገር ኮይኑ ኣድላይነቱ ድማ ምርመራ ገይርካ መንስኤ እቲ ሓመም ንምፍላጥ ዝሕግዝ እዩ:: እቲ ዝተወስደ ኣካል ብማይክሮስኮፕ ተራእዩ እቲ ሕማም እነታይ ምካኑ መንስኤኡ ውን እንታይ ከም ዝኾነ ይንፀር::

Biopsychosocial - ሕዋስ ስነ ህይወትን ስነ ልቦናን ማሕበራዊ ህይወትን

Combination of biological, psychological and social problems. Mental health professionals have developed a model of mental illness called the 'biopsychosocial' model.

ሕዋስ ስነ ህይወትን ስነ ልቦናን ማሕበራዊ ህይወትን ኮይኑ ሰብ ሞያ ጥዕና ኣእምሮ ድማ ሞዴል ሕማም ኣእምሮ ዝኾነ ባዮሳይኮሎጊካል ፈጢሮም እዮም ::

Biosolid - ዝተሓከመ ጎሓፍ ኮይኑ ንሕርሻ ጥቅሚ ዝውዕል ድኹዒ እዩ::

Biosolids is a term that is typically used to describe several forms of treated sewage sludge that is intended for agricultural use as a soil conditioner.

ዝተሓከመ ጎሓፍ ኮይኑ ንሕርሻ ጥቅሚ ዝውዕል ድኹዒ እዩ::

Blanching - ምፅራይ

A mild pre-cooking operation which can reduce the bacterial load on vegetables by 90%.

ቅድሚ ምበሳል ዝገበር ኮይኑ እነካብ ኣታክልቲ ባክተርያ ብቴስዓ ሚኢታዊ ዝቅንስ አዩ::

Blastocyst - ናይ መጀመርያ ደረጃ ዕብየት ድቂ

Hollow ball of cells after five days of fertilisation (just before implantation of the embryo).

ኣብ ማእኸሉ ክፍተት ዘለዎ ኩዑሾ ዝመስል ዋህዮ ድቂ ቅድሚ እቲ ድቂ ናብ ግድግዳ ማህፀን ምልጣፉ ዝፍጠር

Blood - ደም

Blood is a fluid comprising red blood cells, several types of white blood cells and small fragments of blood cells called platelets, which are involved in the blood clotting process. These cells are all suspended in yellowish or straw-coloured liquid called plasma.

ደም ማለት ፈሳሲ ኮይኑ ኣብ ውሽጡ ድማ ቀያሕቲ ዋህዮ ደም ፀዓዱ ዋህዮ ደም ፐላትሌትስ ዝባሃሉ ዋህዮ ደም ደም ንኸይረግእ ዝሕግዙ ዝሓዘ እዩ ::

BMI - ቢምኣይ

Body Mass Index or the relationship between weight and height. Your BMI is defined by your weight in kilograms divided by your height in metres and the result is divided again by your height in metres.

ቦዲማስ ኢንደክስ ማለት ርክብ ክብደትን ቁመትን ዝገልፅ እዩ ::

Boiling - ምፍላሕ

Boiling is the process of applying heat to water until the temperature reaches about 100°C.

ምፍላሕ ማለት ማይ ብሙቀት ሓይሊ ሚኢቲ ዲግሪ ሰሊሸስ እንትበፅሕ ማልት እዩ ::

Borrow-pits - ጉድÕድ

Also known as a sand box. It is a term used in construction and civil engineering. It describes an area where material (usually soil, gravel or sand) has been dug for use at another location.Borrow-pits used to extract soil and stones for construction are very common in rural Ethiopia inside and outside villages.

ሓመድን ሑፃን ንምውጻእ ተባሂሉ ዘኮዓት ጉድÕድ

BP - ቢፒ

Blood pressure (BP) refers to how hard the blood is 'pushing' on the walls of the major blood vessels as it is pumped around the body by the heart.

ደም ክንደይናይ ይተምም ምህላው ንምግላፅ ዝገልግል እዩ:: ፀቅጢ ደም ምህላውን ዘይምህላውን ንምገላፅ ይሕግዝ ::

BP-100 - ቢፒ 100

An RUTF (Ready to Use Therapeutic Food) wheat and oat biscuit.

ሕፅረት ምግቢ ንምኽካም ዝተጀወ ምግቢ

Bronchioles - ብሮንኮይል

Passageways that carry air into all parts of the lungs. They are branches of the bronchi.

ኦክስጂን ናብ ሻንቡእ ብምልኡ ዘባፅሕ

Brow - ግንባር ርእሲ

The area of skull which extends from the anterior fontanel to the upper border of the eye.

ግንባር ርእሲ

Bundling - ምእሳር እሳር

The practise of organising stock all together in "bundles".

ሓደ ነገር እንክጥመር ከሎ

Burn - ዝነደደ ዘተቃፀለ

Damage, hurt or destroy by fire.

ብሓዊ ዝነደደ ወይ ድማ ዝተቃፀለ