Title: Default for IM
Course: Immunization - Ethiopia (Full)

Q: All of the antibacterial EPI vaccines will lose their effectiveness if they become frozen.
- True
- False (Correct! It is false. BCG vaccine is a powder which can be frozen before it is reconstituted with diluent. The BCG diluent and all the other antibacterial EPI vaccines will not be effective if they become frozen.)
A: False

Q: If five doses of TT vaccine are given to a woman of childbearing age at the correct intervals, she will receive the fifth dose at least 2 years and 7 months after the first dose.
- True (Correct! It is true. If five doses of TT vaccine are given to a woman of childbearing age at the correct intervals, she will receive the fifth dose at least 2 years and 7 months after the first dose. The intervals are TT1, then at least 4 weeks to TT2, then at least 6 months to TT3, then at least 1 year to TT4, and then at least one more year to TT5.)
- False
A: True

Q: Most infants who are immunized with three doses of pentavalent vaccine at the correct intervals will be protected against diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus.
- True (Correct! It is true. Between 78% and 95% of infants who are immunized with three doses of pentavalent vaccine at the correct intervals will be protected against pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus. (They will also be protected against hepatitis B and Hib diseases.))
- False
A: True

Q: BCG vaccine is supplied as a powder which has to be mixed with a special diluent to activate the vaccine before use.
- True (Correct! It is true. BCG vaccine is supplied as a powder which has to be mixed with a special diluent to activate the vaccine before use.)
- False
A: True

Q: If a vial of pentavalent vaccine has a deposit like fine sand at the bottom, you should throw it away.
- True
- False (Correct! It is false. If a vial of pentavalent vaccine has a deposit like fine sand at the bottom, it does not need to be thrown away; you should shake the vial to mix the vaccine with the liquid before use.)
A: False

Q: Vaccine Vial Monitors (VVMs) measure exposure to freezing temperatures.
- True
- False (Correct! It is false. The VVM records exposure of vaccines to heat over a period of time, but it does not record exposure to freezing temperatures.)
A: False

Q: It is safe to use vaccines that have reached the VVM discard point if the expiry date has not passed.
- True
- False (Correct! It is false. Even if the expiry date has not passed, it is unsafe to use vaccines that have reached the discard point indicated by the VVM.)
A: False

Q: The thermometer is an instrument for measuring the temperature in a refrigerator.
- True (Correct! It is true. A thermometer measures the temperature in a refrigerator.)
- False
A: True

Q: Diluents should always be kept in the main refrigerator compartment.
- True
- False (Correct! It is false. Diluents can be kept at room temperature if there is not enough space in the refrigerator, but should be chilled thoroughly before use.)
A: False

Q: Which of the following actions could result in an infection being transmitted to your clients when you inject them with a vaccine?
- Allowing a freeze-sensitive vaccine to become colder than +1^oC for a short time.
- Allowing opened multi-dose vials of vaccine to become submerged in melted water in a vaccine carrier. (Correct! Allowing opened multi-dose vials of vaccine to become submerged in melted water in a vaccine carrier. Contaminated water can infect the vaccine if it leaks into the vial through the tiny holes made by the needles used to withdraw vaccine previously.)
- Using auto-disable syringes for every immunization.
- Removing the cap from a disposable needle and holding it by the adaptor before you fit it onto the syringe. (Correct! Removing the cap from a disposable needle and holding it by the adaptor before you fit it onto the syringe. Infection could be transferred from your hands to the needle.)
- Attempting to replace the cap on a used needle before you place it in the safety box.
A: Allowing opened multi-dose vials of vaccine to become submerged in melted water in a vaccine carrier.; Removing the cap from a disposable needle and holding it by the adaptor before you fit it onto the syringe.

Q: Which of the following children should not be given an immunization?
- A healthy-looking one-week-old baby girl who you know is probably HIV-positive. (Incorrect. This HIV-positive infant is well, so she can receive the birth dose of BCG vaccine and all the routine EPI immunizations according to the normal schedule at the age of 6 weeks.)
- A 10-week-old boy who developed a low-grade fever soon after the first pentavalent immunization, which lasted about 24 hours. (Incorrect. Immunization with pentavalent vaccine can result in low-grade fever, which usually resolves within 24 hours. This is not a contraindication, so the child should be immunized with the second dose of pentavalent and the other routine EPI vaccines scheduled at 10 weeks.)
- A 10-week-old boy who had a convulsion soon after the first pentavalent immunization. (Correct! This child should not be given another pentavalent immunization. Convulsions soon after immunization are an absolute contraindication to further immunization with the same vaccine.)
A: A 10-week-old boy who had a convulsion soon after the first pentavalent immunization.

Q: Community discussion and approval is essential during the development of your annual immunization action plan.
- True (Correct! It is true. Community discussion and approval is essential during the development of your annual immunization action plan.)
- False
A: True

Q: If a mother has lost the immunization card for her child, you should send her home to find it before you agree to immunize the child.
- True
- False (Correct! It is false. If a mother has lost the immunization card for her child, you should not send her home. You should question her carefully to see if she remembers what vaccines her child has received and the date of the last immunization. Check your EPI Registration Book to see if you can find an entry for her child’s previous immunizations and give the next dose accordingly. If there are no available records and there are no contraindications, give the child the appropriate EPI vaccines based on its age.)
A: False

Q: The percent of newborns protected at birth from neonatal tetanus is a good indicator of progress towards achieving adequate TT doses for their mothers during pregnancy.
- True (Correct! It is true. The percentage of newborns protected at birth (PAB) from neonatal tetanus is a good indicator of progress towards achieving adequate TT doses for their mothers during pregnancy. The maternal antibodies developed by women who have had TT2+ within 2 weeks of delivery will protect their newborns from tetanus.)
- False
A: True

Q: A fully immunized child has received all doses of all the EPI vaccines scheduled for routine immunization by the age of 14 weeks.
- True
- False (Correct! It is false. A fully immunized child has received all doses of all the EPI vaccines scheduled for routine immunization — including measles vaccine — by its first birthday.)
A: False

Q: Accurate entries in your EPI Registration Book during each immunization session will help you to estimate the number of doses of vaccine needed for future sessions.
- True (Correct! It is true. Accurate entries in your EPI Registration Book during each immunization session will help you to estimate the number of doses of vaccine needed for future sessions.)
- False
A: True