Title: Pupae
Course: Communicable Diseases Part 1 - Ethiopia (Full)

Pupae

Pupae of both anophelines and culicines are comma-shaped and hang just below the water surface. They swim when disturbed. The breathing trumpet of the anopheline pupa is short and has a wide opening, whereas that of the culicine pupa is long and slender with a narrow opening. However, it is difficult to distinguish anopheline from culicine pupae in the field.