Title: Shock
Course: Level 3 - First Aid > Section: Provision of First Aid service and referral

Shock is a condition resulting from a depressed state of many vital body functions due to decreased tissue perfusion that could threaten life as a result of severe pain (neurogenic shock), electric burn (electric shock), massive bleeding (hemorrhagic shock), massive fluid loss (hypovolemic shock), hypersensitivity reaction (anaphylactic shock) , etc.

Signs and Symptom of Shock

- Pale or bluish skin /Mucus membrane.
- Cold extremities to touch.
- Moist and clammy skin.
- Rapid and weak pulse.
- Rapid and shallow breathing /especially in abdomen & chest injuries).
- Low blood pressure and may be unresponsive.

First Aid Management of Shock

- Body positioning and lying down to improve circulation.
- Keep the head lower and turned on the side.
- Body positing depends on the site and type of injury (e.g., If the injury is on the neck & spine, do not move the victim until he is prepared for transport).
- Keep the causality warm.
- Loosen any tight clothing /assists breathing.
- Don't give fluid by mouth /moisten the lips.
- Call for an ambulance or refer.